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File:Surface projections of the organs of the trunk.png

Contents

Summary

Description
English: Surface projections of the major organs of the trunk, using the vertebral column and rib cage as main reference points of superficial anatomy. The transpyloric plane and McBurney's point are among the marked locations.

To discuss image, please see Talk:Human body diagrams
Date 5 September 2010
Source All included images are in public domain. See Template:Human body diagrams for individual details.

References

Spinal vertebrae levels:

  • Located at middle of frontal face of spinal vertebrae according to reference the image :File:Gray 111 - Vertebral column.png when pasted into image to superiorly fit the surface bulges of the clavicular bones and inferiorly fit the surface bulges of the anterior iliac spine.

Gross overview of organ locations:

  • Plate 260B - Regions and Planes of Adbomen. From: The Interactive Atlas of Human Anatomy Version 3.0 (CD-ROM). Authors: Frank H. Netter and Carlos A. G. Machado. Published by Saunders, October 1, 2002. ISBN-10: 1929007140. ISBN-13: 978-1929007141.

Locations of specific organs:
The following vertebral levels are generally given by the middle of the vertebral body.

  • Bålens ytanatomy (Superficial anatomy of the trunk). Anca Dragomir, Mats Hjortberg and Godfried M. Romans. Section for human anatomy at the Department of medical cell biology, Uppsala university, Sweden.
Key points from that compendium:
  • The oblique fissure of the right lung goes from the spinal process of thoracic vertebra 3 towards the navel
  • The horizontal fissure goes along the 4th rib (the original image from Gray has this line almost at the 5th rib, but this is not labeled in image, as other lung images seem to support the upper level)
  • The cardia of the stomach is at the level of the 10th rib
  • The fundus of the stomach is in the 5th intercostal space, slightly below the apex of the heart
  • Pylorus is usually at the L1 (the transpyloric plane)
  • The transpyloric plane is at the level of:
    • lumbar vertebra 1
    • the pancreatic body
    • the origins of the superior mesenteric artery from the aorta and portal vein
    • the left and right colic flexure
    • hilum of the kidney on the left
    • upper pole of the kidney on the right
    • duodenojejunal flexure
  • McBurney's point is located one third of a line from the anterior superior iliac spine and the navel
  • The upper rim of the liver is in the 5th intercostal space
  • The left lobe of the liver is to the left of the midline
  • The lower limit of the liver at the midline is approximately 3 cm below processus xiphoideus
  • The spleen is projected against the 9th and 10th rib on the backside
  • The left kidney is approximately at the vertebral level T12 to L3, and the right one slightly lower.
  • Atlas of Human Anatomy in Cross Section: Appendix: Topography of the Thorax and Abdomen. Ronald A. Bergman, Ph.D., Adel K. Afifi, M.D., Jean J. Jew, M.D., and Paul C. Reimann, B.S. :
  • The average position of the highest point of the spleen is at the level of the lower third of the tenth thoracic vertebra.
  • The average position of the lowest point of the spleen is at the level of the middle third of the first lumbar vertebra.

Position of the navel

  • Usually between the L3 and L5 vertebral level - Basic Human Anatomy - O'Rahilly, Müller, Carpenter & Swenson - Chapter 25: Abdominal walls. Dartmouth Medical School. Retrieved November 2010

Urinary tract:
Author Mikael Häggström
Gnome-x-office-drawing.svg File:Surface projections of the organs of the trunk.svg is a vector version of this file.
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File:Surface projections of the organs of the trunk.png Gnome-go-next.svg File:Surface projections of the organs of the trunk.svg

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Licensing

Public domain I, the copyright holder of this work, release this work into the public domain. This applies worldwide.
In some countries this may not be legally possible; if so:
I grant anyone the right to use this work for any purpose, without any conditions, unless such conditions are required by law.

Human body diagrams

Main article at: Human body diagrams

Template location: Template:Human body diagrams

How to derive an image

Derive directly from raster image with organs

The raster (.png format) images below have most commonly used organs already included, and text and lines can be added in almost any graphics editor. This is the easiest method, but does not leave any room for customizing what organs are shown.

  • Female with organs.png
  • Male with organs.png

  • Full-body image is available

  • Man shadow with organs.png

Adding text and lines:

  • Human body diagrams - adding text to human body image with organs.png
  • Human body diagrams - adding line to human body image with organs.png

Derive "from scratch"

By this method, body diagrams can be derived by pasting organs into one of the "plain" body images shown below. This method requires a graphics editor that can handle transparent images, in order to avoid white squares around the organs when pasting onto the body image. Pictures of organs are found on the project's main page. These were originally adapted to fit the male shadow/silhouette.

  • Photograph

  • Shadow/silhouette. List of organs.

  • Pioneer plaque woman upper body as diagram template.png

  • Photograph

  • Shadow/silhouette.

  • Drawing

Organs:

More organs are found at: Human body diagrams/Organs

  • Intestine

  • Liver

  • Stomach

  • Heart and lungs

  • Rib cage

  • Kidneys

Derive by vector template

The Vector templates below can be used to derive images with, for example, Inkscape. This is the method with the greatest potential.

See Human body diagrams/Inkscape tutorial for a basic description in how to do this.

Female shadow/silhouette. Full-body image is available.
Man shadow/silhouette.
Female photograph
Male photograph

Examples of derived works

More examples

  • Side effects of nicotine

  • Surface projections of the organs of the trunk

  • Chemical basis of love

  • Effects of sleep deprivation.

  • Effects of ethanol.

  • Symptoms of fibromyalgia

  • Health effects of some common types of pollution.

Licensing

Imbox license.svg

All the images on this page are released into the public domain by their creators. This applies worldwide.

In case this is not legally possible, the creators grant anyone the right to use these works for any purpose, without any conditions, unless such conditions are required by law.



The following pages on Schools Wikipedia link to this image (list may be incomplete):

Metadata

This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create or digitize it. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details may not fully reflect the modified file.
Horizontal resolution 78.35 dpc
Vertical resolution 78.35 dpc
Software used
  • www.inkscape.org

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